Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: How to Deal with This Chameleon

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Internal Medicine
• Clinical Research

Background:

• Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) presents significant heterogeneity in phenotypes and pathophysiology.
• Increasing age and comorbidities like obesity, hypertension, and cardiometabolic disease contribute to rising HFpEF incidence.
• Despite advances, HFpEF remains under-recognized and undertreated, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a pragmatic, etiology-focused approach for managing patients with HFpEF.
• To enhance understanding of HFpEF peculiarities, including the impact of comorbidities on prognosis.
• To guide clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of HFpEF.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on HFpEF etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
• Emphasis on a multidisciplinary team approach for comprehensive patient care.
• Focus on personalized therapeutic strategies tailored to individual patient profiles and comorbidities.

Main Results:

• Personalized and accurate therapeutic management improves quality of life, reduces hospitalizations, and enhances survival in HFpEF patients.
• Addressing comorbidities is crucial for managing HFpEF symptoms and prognosis.
• A structured, pragmatic approach can improve clinical recognition and treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

• HFpEF requires careful assessment of individual patient characteristics and comorbidities.
• Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for optimal HFpEF management.
• This paper provides a framework for a pragmatic approach to improve HFpEF diagnosis and treatment, ultimately benefiting patient outcomes.