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The ldp1 Mutation Affects the Expression of Auxin-Related Genes and Enhances SAM Size in Rice
Zhanglun Sun1, Tianrun Mei1, Xuan Tan1
1Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 9, 2024
Summary
A rice mutant, large and dense panicle 1 (ldp1), shows increased panicle traits and yield. This study identifies LDP1 as a recessive gene regulating auxin pathways and shoot apical meristem development for improved rice yield.
Area of Science:
- Plant genetics and molecular biology
- Crop science and agricultural biotechnology
Background:
- Panicle architecture significantly influences rice yield.
- Understanding the genetic regulation of panicle development is crucial for crop improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize a novel rice mutant with altered panicle morphology.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed panicle development phenotype.
Main Methods:
- Mutant screening and phenotypic analysis of the large and dense panicle 1 (ldp1) mutant.
- Scanning electron microscopy to examine shoot apical meristem (SAM) development.
- Comparative RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA).
- Gene mapping and bioinformatics analysis (GO and KEGG pathways).
Main Results:
- The ldp1 mutant exhibited increased panicle length, branching, grain number, and yield.
- The mutation led to a larger SAM with more meristematic centers at early developmental stages.
- RNA-Seq identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), particularly at the bract meristem (BM) stage, with WGCNA highlighting a turquoise module linked to the phenotype.
- Key genes in auxin synthesis and transport (e.g., OsAUX1, OsAUX4, OsSAUR25) and tryptophan metabolism were differentially expressed.
- The ldp1 phenotype was attributed to a recessive monogene (LDP1) mapped to chromosome seven.
Conclusions:
- The ldp1 mutation affects early SAM development, likely through altered auxin signaling and metabolism.
- LDP1 plays a significant role in regulating rice panicle morphogenesis and yield.
- This research provides a foundation for understanding LDP1 function and its application in breeding for higher-yielding rice varieties.
