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Testing a brief, self-guided values affirmation for behavioral activation intervention during COVID-19.

Mindy M Kibbey1, Angelo M DiBello1, Erick J Fedorenko1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

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Summary

A brief digital values affirmation for behavioral activation (VABA) intervention improved mood and increased positive behaviors in college students during lockdown. This ultra-brief approach shows promise for enhancing well-being and reducing depressive symptoms.

Keywords:
Digital interventioncommitted actiondepressionpositive moodself-affirmation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Interventions
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns created significant mental health challenges for college students.
  • Existing interventions may not be suitable for rapid deployment during public health crises.
  • Behavioral activation is a key component in managing mood and depressive symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a single-session digital values affirmation for behavioral activation (VABA) intervention.
  • To compare VABA against an active control condition in improving mood and reducing depressive symptoms.
  • To assess VABA's impact on behavioral activation and COVID-19 related fear during a state-wide lockdown.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study randomized 296 diverse undergraduate students to either VABA or a time- and attention-matched active control.
  • The VABA intervention involved a 10-minute values clarification and affirmation task.
  • Assessments included positive and negative affect (pre/post), next-day behavioral activation, and depressive symptoms.

Main Results:

  • VABA significantly increased positive affect compared to the control group (d=0.22, p=.022).
  • The VABA group showed significantly higher next-day behavioral activation (t=-5.584, p<.001, d=0.65).
  • Increased behavioral activation predicted fewer depressive symptoms at follow-up (β=-.134, p=.003).

Conclusions:

  • A single-session digital VABA intervention is an effective, ultra-brief method for acute mood enhancement.
  • VABA promotes behavioral activation, which is linked to reduced depressive symptoms.
  • This digital intervention shows potential for widespread, rapid mental health support during crises.