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Comparing the Impact of Diluents and Injection Techniques on Patient Comfort During Indocyanine Green

Ioannis Kyriazidis1, Efterpi Demiri1, Dimitrios Dionyssiou1

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Lymphatic Research and Biology
|April 9, 2024
PubMed

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography, a key diagnostic tool for lymphedema, is influenced by the dilution process of ICG dye, impacting patient experience. Methods and Results: In our study, we assessed three different ICG diluents-water for injection (WFI), normal saline (NS), and Dextrose® plus human albumin-in five healthy volunteer individuals undergoing superficial lymphography of the upper limb over 3 weeks. Results indicated that NS, as a diluent for ICG, caused the least discomfort during injection, in contrast to WFI, which led to the highest levels of discomfort. Transport time of ICG from the injection site to the axillary lymph nodes was notably shorter in intradermal injections than in subdermal injections. Conclusion: Our findings advocate for using NS as the optimal and cost-effective diluent for ICG, enhancing patient experience.

Keywords:
ICG diluentsICG injection techniquesindocyanine green lymphangiography

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