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Biomarker profiling to determine clinical impact of microRNAs in cognitive disorders

Weijie Zhai1,2, Meng Zhao1,2, Chunxiao Wei1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China.

Scientific Reports
|April 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study identifies novel microRNAs (miRNAs) that can differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). These findings offer potential for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for dementia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) are leading causes of dementia in the elderly.
  • Current diagnostic and treatment methods for AD and PSCI lack minimally invasive, low-cost, and effective options.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in AD and PSCI pathology and are accessible for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in patients with AD and PSCI.
  • To predict target genes of identified DE-miRNAs using bioinformatics analysis.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs and their target genes in disease management and clinical treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Complete sequencing analysis of miRNAs from 24 participants across four groups: PSCI, post-stroke non-cognitive impairment (PSNCI), AD, and normal controls (NC).
  • Bioinformatics analysis to predict target genes of DE-miRNAs.
  • Comparative analysis to identify miRNAs distinguishing between the disorders.

Main Results:

  • Identification of DE-miRNAs capable of distinguishing between AD, PSCI, PSNCI, and NC groups.
  • Discovery of several novel miRNAs not previously reported in relation to these conditions.
  • Identification of target genes involved in key signaling pathways with potential for therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs show significant potential as biomarkers for diagnosing AD and PSCI.
  • Target genes of identified miRNAs are involved in crucial signaling pathways relevant to disease pathology.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to develop precise treatments for AD and PSCI based on miRNA analysis.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseBioinformaticsCognitive impairmentDementiaMicroRNAPost-stroke cognitive impairment

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