Evolution of radiation-induced dermatitis treatment

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Radiation-induced skin damage (RISD) is a common and significant side effect of radiotherapy (RT).
• Approximately 95% of patients undergoing RT experience moderate to severe skin reactions.
• Current treatment criteria for acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore and evaluate 25 topical agents for the prevention and management of RISD.
• To investigate the mechanisms of action of these agents, particularly their role in nuclear factor kappa B pathway regulation.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of 25 topical agents investigated for RISD.
• Categorization of agents into natural, miscellaneous, topical nonsteroidal, and topical corticosteroid groups.
• Analysis of mechanisms, focusing on anti-inflammatory properties and oxidative stress prevention.

Main Results:

• The study identified 25 topical agents for RISD prevention and management.
• These agents include 11 natural, 3 miscellaneous, 9 topical nonsteroidal, and 2 topical corticosteroids.
• Many agents function by regulating the nuclear factor kappa B pathway to reduce inflammation.

Conclusions:

• Topical agents with anti-inflammatory properties show promise for protecting the skin and aiding tissue regeneration in patients with RISD.
• Understanding the mechanisms of action, such as NF-κB pathway regulation, is crucial for effective RISD prevention and management.
• Further research into these agents may lead to improved clinical guidelines for ARD treatment.