Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

26.3K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
26.3K
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

240
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
240
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

633
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
633
Electrochemistry: Overview01:04

Electrochemistry: Overview

2.0K
Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the relationship between electrical quantities and chemical reactions, particularly oxidation and reduction. Oxidation is the loss of electrons from a substance, whereas reduction refers to the gain of electrons. A substance with a strong electron affinity is called an oxidizing agent (oxidant), and a reducing agent (reductant) is a species that donates electrons. Oxidation and reduction processes are pivotal to electrochemical reactions,...
2.0K
Electromotive Force02:36

Electromotive Force

26.2K
Electricity is generated by either electrons or ions flowing through a solution or a conducting medium. This flow of electrons or specifically electrical charge is defined as an electric current. When electrons move through a wire, they generate an electric current. It can be recalled  that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained. In the spontaneous redox reaction of zinc  with copper, when zinc is immersed in a copper ion solution, a transfer of electrons from one...
26.2K
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

26.9K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
26.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electroanalysis in a dissolving microdroplet.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

Soap Microfilms Enhance Interfacial Reactivity for Ambient, Green Nanomaterial Synthesis.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

The origin of spontaneous oxidation in a floating oil nanofilm.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Ambient, Bias-Free, Green Nanoparticle Synthesis via Microdroplet-Confined Galvanic Chemistry.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Multi-Modal Characterization of the Interactions between a Recombinant Protein Antigen and a Liposomal Adjuvant.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Localized Accumulation of Tri-n-Propylamine Prolongs Electrochemiluminescence for Tumor Model Spheroid Analysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

5.4K

An Electrochemical Perspective on Reaction Acceleration in Microdroplets.

Kathryn J Vannoy1, Myles Quinn Edwards1, Christophe Renault1,2

  • 11Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|April 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Micro- and nanodroplets accelerate chemical reactions due to confinement effects. Understanding these accelerated reactivity mechanisms is key to harnessing their potential in various applications.

Keywords:
confinement effectselectrochemistryinterfacial reactivitymicrodropletnanodropletreaction acceleration

More Related Videos

Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics
07:57

Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics

Published on: November 10, 2014

7.9K
Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

5.4K
Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics
07:57

Taking Advantage of Reduced Droplet-surface Interaction to Optimize Transport of Bioanalytes in Digital Microfluidics

Published on: November 10, 2014

7.9K
Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nanoscale analytical techniques enable confinement for reactivity studies.
  • Micro- and nanodroplets exhibit accelerated chemical reaction rates.
  • Decades of observations preceded mechanistic investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenomenon of accelerated reactivity in micro- and nanodroplets.
  • To provide historical context and summarize proposed mechanisms.
  • To highlight electrochemical applications of droplet confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of accelerated reactivity in micro- and nanodroplets.
  • Summary of proposed mechanistic explanations.
  • Analysis of electrochemical studies utilizing droplet confinement.

Main Results:

  • Confinement in micro- and nanodroplets leads to enhanced reaction rates.
  • Various mechanisms contribute to this extraordinary reactivity.
  • Electrochemical methods leverage restricted mass transfer for enhanced reactions and rate measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding nanodroplet reactivity is crucial for biological insights and technological applications.
  • Harnessing droplet confinement offers significant potential for chemical transformations.
  • Further comprehensive studies are needed to fully exploit nanodroplet systems.