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Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Published on: June 28, 2019
Midbrain organoids-development and applications in Parkinson's disease
Hilary S Y Toh1, Xin Yi Choo1, Alfred Xuyang Sun1,2
1Neuroscience & Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore.
Abstract:
Human brain development is spatially and temporally complex. Insufficient access to human brain tissue and inadequacy of animal models has limited the study of brain development and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advancements of brain organoid technology have created novel opportunities to model human-specific neurodevelopment and brain diseases. In this review, we discuss the use of brain organoids to model the midbrain and Parkinson's disease. We critically evaluate the extent of recapitulation of PD pathology by organoids and discuss areas of future development that may lead to the model to become a next-generation, personalized therapeutic strategy for PD and beyond.
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