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Maintaining Human Glioblastoma Cellular Diversity Ex vivo using Three-Dimensional Organoid Culture
Published on: August 25, 2022
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Glioblastoma modeling with 3D organoids: progress and challenges
Xin Wang1, Yusha Sun2, Daniel Y Zhang3
1Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Oxford Open Neuroscience
|April 10, 2024
Summary
Glioblastoma (GBM) research benefits from novel 3D organoid models that better mimic tumor complexity than traditional methods. These advanced models offer new avenues for understanding GBM biology and developing effective therapies.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Cancer Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and treatment resistance.
- Current therapies (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy) offer limited long-term remission.
- Existing preclinical models fail to fully capture GBM's heterogeneity and microenvironment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review methodologies for generating Glioblastoma (GBM) 3D organoids.
- To discuss insights gained from GBM organoid models compared to traditional models.
- To outline limitations and future directions for GBM organoid development.
Main Methods:
- Generation of GBM organoids from patient tumors.
- Genetic manipulation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain organoids.
- Bio-printing and fusion with non-malignant tissues.
Main Results:
- GBM organoids provide a more accurate representation of tumor biology than cell lines or xenografts.
- Organoid models reveal insights into intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity.
- Challenges remain in fully recapitulating the tumor microenvironment in current organoid systems.
Conclusions:
- 3D Glioblastoma (GBM) organoids represent a significant advancement in preclinical modeling.
- Further refinement is needed to incorporate the tumor microenvironment for comprehensive study.
- Organoid models hold promise for advancing GBM mechanistic understanding and therapeutic development.
