[Clinically rare subtypes of prostate cancer: Progress in research]

Prostate cancer has now become the most common urinary tract tumor in men. Some special subtypes of prostate cancer are occasionally found clinically, which are characterized by rapid disease progression, easy recurrence and metastasis, poor effect of single endocrine therapy, and shorter overall survival of the patients than those with common prostate adenocarcinoma. Early diagnosis and early treatment with novel targeting drugs and genetic tests may prolong the survival of the patients. This review presents an overview and a prospect of the epidemiological features, origin, molecular regulation mechanisms, clinical characteristics and treatment of three rare subtypes of prostate cancer.