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Identifying 2SLGBTQ+ individuals experiencing homelessness using Point-in-Time counts: Evidence from the 2021 Toronto
Alex Abramovich1,2,3, Max Marshall1, Christopher Webb4
1Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plos One
|April 10, 2024
Summary
2SLGBTQ+ individuals experiencing homelessness in Toronto are younger and face more challenges, including higher rates of foster care and parental conflict. These findings highlight an urgent need for tailored housing and social support services.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Public Health
- Urban Studies
Background:
- Homelessness disproportionately affects marginalized populations.
- Understanding the specific needs of 2SLGBTQ+ individuals experiencing homelessness is crucial for effective policy.
- The City of Toronto's 2021 Street Needs Assessment provides valuable data on this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the prevalence, causes, and characteristics of 2SLGBTQ+ individuals experiencing homelessness in Toronto.
- To analyze the pathways into homelessness for 2SLGBTQ+ individuals.
- To identify the unique experiences and needs of this population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the City of Toronto's 2021 Street Needs Assessment, a Point-in-Time count and survey.
- Included individuals sleeping outdoors or in city-administered shelters, motels, or hotels.
- Administered surveys with inclusive questions on sexual orientation, gender identity, and 2SLGBTQ+ identity.
Main Results:
- 288 2SLGBTQ+ individuals completed the survey.
- Compared to non-2SLGBTQ+ counterparts, 2SLGBTQ+ respondents were younger and entered homelessness earlier.
- 2SLGBTQ+ individuals reported higher rates of foster care, parental conflict/abuse as a pathway to homelessness, and chronic homelessness.
Conclusions:
- Street Needs Assessments and Point-in-Time counts are effective for studying homelessness in marginalized groups like 2SLGBTQ+ individuals.
- Future government surveys must include sexual orientation and gender identity questions.
- There is a significant need for population-based housing and social support services tailored to 2SLGBTQ+ populations.
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