Vertebral artery dissection as the underlying cause of ventral spinal epidural haematoma

Spontaneous spine epidural haematoma is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of 0.1/100 000 inhabitants/year. The anterior location of the haematoma is very uncommon since the dural sac is firmly attached to the posterior longitudinal ligament. Vertebral artery dissection as its underlying cause is an exceptionally rare event, with only two documented cases.This article presents the case of young woman who arrived at the emergency room with a spinal ventral epidural haematoma extending from C2 to T10, caused by a non-traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the right vertebral artery at V2-V3 segment. Since the patient was tetraparetic, she underwent emergent laminectomy, and the vertebral artery dissection was subsequently treated endovascularly with stenting.Vertebral artery dissection with subsequent perivascular haemorrhage is a possible cause of spontaneous spine epidural haematoma, particularly when located ventrally in the cervical and/or high thoracic column. Hence the importance of a thorough investigation of the vertebral artery integrity.