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Different Food Preferences in Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Ryo Katsumata1, Tomoka Kaburagi1, Takayuki Hosokawa2

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|April 10, 2024
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Summary

Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) show a reduced preference for all foods, especially fatty foods, compared to healthy individuals and those with other gastrointestinal disorders. This food aversion is independent of symptom severity.

Keywords:
food preferencefunctional dyspepsiagastroesophageal reflux diseaseinflammatory bowel diseaseirritable bowel syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Dietary Science
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders like functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) share common symptoms.
  • Fatty food intake is often implicated in triggering and worsening GI symptoms across these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the food preferences of patients diagnosed with FD against those with IBS, GERD, IBD, and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the specific impact of fatty versus light foods on patient preferences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized visual analog scale (VAS) to assess food preferences using 40 food images (fatty and light) and 20 animal images.
  • Evaluated GI symptoms with the GI Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS).
  • Analyzed correlations between GSRS scores and food preference scores.

Main Results:

  • Patients with FD exhibited significantly lower overall food preference scores compared to healthy controls and patients with IBS, GERD, and IBD (52.9 vs. 66.5-70.7, p<0.01).
  • FD patients showed a markedly reduced preference for fatty foods (43.8 vs. 72.3-80.7, p<0.01), while preferences for light foods and animal images did not differ significantly.
  • No significant correlation was observed between food preference scores and the severity of GI symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with functional dyspepsia demonstrate a distinct negative food preference, particularly for fatty foods.
  • This food aversion in FD appears to be independent of the overall severity of gastrointestinal symptoms.