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Cryopreservation of human embryos.

L R Mohr, A O Trounson

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human embryo cryopreservation using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) allows for successful freezing and thawing. This method achieved morphologic survival and resulted in pregnancies after embryo transfer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive biology
    • Embryology
    • Cryobiology

    Background:

    • Cryopreservation of human embryos is crucial for assisted reproductive technologies.
    • Optimizing protocols for embryo survival post-thaw is essential for successful implantation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the morphologic survival and pregnancy rates of cryopreserved human embryos.
    • To identify effective cryoprotectants and freezing procedures for human embryos.

    Main Methods:

    • Cryopreservation of 97 human embryos (4-cell and 8-cell stages) using two cryoprotectants and two freezing methods.
    • Specific protocol: cooling to -80°C at 0.3°C/min with 1.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), thawing at +8°C/min from -80°C to +4°C.
    • Morphologic assessment of blastomere integrity post-thaw using light and electron microscopy.

    Main Results:

    • 57% (27/47) of 8-cell embryos survived freezing/thawing with ≥50% intact blastomeres using the DMSO protocol.
    • Five pregnancies (22%) resulted from the transfer of 27 surviving embryos to 22 patients.
    • Embryo survival was not significantly affected by minor blastomere size variations or cytoplasmic fragments.

    Conclusions:

    • Successful morphologic survival and pregnancy can be achieved through specific cryopreservation protocols for human embryos.
    • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 1.5 M with controlled cooling and thawing rates is effective for 8-cell human embryo cryopreservation.
    • Microscopic assessment of embryo appearance post-thaw correlates with the extent of cryoinjury.

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