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Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

110
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
110
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

265
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
265
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
132
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

33
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
33
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

55
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
55
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

292
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
292

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

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Panic disorder during pregnancy: A scoping review.

Eman Al-Awabdeh1,2, Lubna Abu Shaikha3, Abdelrahman Salameh2

  • 1University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.

Heliyon
|April 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This scoping review highlights the limited research on panic disorder (PD) during pregnancy, revealing inconsistent findings on its prevalence, impact, and treatment. More studies are needed to understand this maternal mental health issue.

Keywords:
AttacksMentalPanicPregnancyTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Psychiatry
  • Perinatal Mental Health

Background:

  • Panic disorder (PD) is a significant anxiety condition affecting maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Understanding PD during pregnancy is crucial for effective perinatal mental health care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive scoping review of existing literature on panic disorder in pregnancy.
  • To identify key themes and research gaps concerning PD during the perinatal period.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Sage, etc.).
  • Twenty-five eligible articles were selected and analyzed using a content analysis approach.
  • The review followed the established Arksey and O'Malley framework for scoping reviews.

Main Results:

  • Identified five key categories: course, prevalence, associated factors, impact, and treatment of PD during pregnancy.
  • Found significant gaps and inconsistent findings across the reviewed literature.
  • Highlighted a lack of robust research on the prevalence, impact, and management of PD in pregnant individuals.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for further research to address the existing gaps in understanding panic disorder during pregnancy.
  • Inconsistent findings necessitate more rigorous studies to clarify the prevalence, associated factors, impact, and effective treatments for PD in this population.
  • This review underscores the importance of continued investigation into perinatal mental health, specifically panic disorder.