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Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on electroactive substrates
M N Tamaño-Machiavello1, E O Carvalho2, D Correia3
1Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain.
Heliyon
|April 11, 2024
Summary
The electrical properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) substrates significantly influence human bone marrow stem cell (hBMSC) behavior, affecting their proliferation and differentiation potential. Surface charge and crystal phase critically impact cell responses in vitro.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Stem Cell Biology
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a piezoelectric polymer with potential applications in tissue engineering.
- The electroactive properties of PVDF, influenced by its crystalline phase and surface charge, are not fully understood in the context of stem cell interactions.
- Understanding how substrate properties affect human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) is crucial for developing effective regenerative medicine strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of PVDF electroactivity and surface electrical charge distribution on hBMSC biological responses.
- To determine how different PVDF crystalline phases (α and β) and poling affect hBMSC behavior.
- To analyze the influence of permanent positive or negative surface charges on hBMSC proliferation and differentiation markers.
Main Methods:
- Culturing hBMSCs in monolayer on flat PVDF substrates with varying crystalline phases (α and β) and electrical properties (unpoled and poled).
- Assessing cell proliferation rates.
- Analyzing the expression of multipotency markers (CD90, CD105, CD73) and genes related to mesenchymal lineages.
Main Results:
- Differences in cell behavior, including proliferation and marker expression, were observed based on the PVDF substrate's crystallisation phase (α vs. β) and electrical state (poled vs. unpoled).
- The presence of a permanent positive or negative surface electrical charge on β-phase PVDF substrates significantly altered hBMSC behavior.
- Both cell expansion in basal medium and differentiation in osteogenic medium showed distinct responses to the varied PVDF properties.
Conclusions:
- The crystallisation phase of PVDF and its electrical properties (including surface charge distribution) play a critical role in modulating hBMSC biological responses.
- Tailoring PVDF substrate characteristics offers a promising approach for controlling stem cell behavior in vitro for regenerative medicine applications.
- Further research into electroactive biomaterials can lead to advanced scaffolds for tissue engineering and cell-based therapies.
Keywords:
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