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Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Changes In Clinical Outcomes In Japanese Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Due To Hepatitis C Virus Following The Development Of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Changes In Clinical Outcomes In Japanese Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Due To Hepatitis C Virus Following The Development Of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents.

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A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Changes in clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatitis C virus following the development of direct-acting antiviral agents.

Hideko Ohama1,2, Atsushi Hiraoka1, Toshifumi Tada3

  • 1Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan.

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|April 11, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.
Keywords:
direct‐acting antiviralshepatitis C virushepatocellular carcinoma

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Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy significantly improved outcomes for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The post-DAA era showed better survival rates and sustained virological response in HCV-HCC patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) revolutionized HCV treatment starting in 2014.
  • Assessing the impact of DAAs on HCV-HCC patient prognosis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical features and prognosis of HCV-HCC patients before and after the introduction of DAAs in Japan.
  • To evaluate the impact of DAA therapy on survival and treatment outcomes in HCV-HCC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1949 Japanese patients with HCV-HCC from 2000 to 2023.
  • Patients were divided into pre-DAA (before 2013) and post-DAA (after 2014) groups.
  • Clinical features, treatment rates, and survival outcomes were assessed and compared.

Main Results:

  • The post-DAA group showed higher sustained virological response (SVR) rates (45.6% vs. 9.8%) and improved clinical markers (lower AST, ALT, AFP; higher platelets; better prothrombin time and ALBI score).
  • Higher rates of curative treatments (74.1% vs. 65.2%) and significantly improved recurrence-free survival (2.8 vs. 2.1 years) were observed in the post-DAA group.
  • Overall survival was superior in the post-DAA group (median 7.4 vs. 5.6 years), with SVR being a key factor.

Conclusions:

  • DAA therapy has dramatically improved the prognosis for patients with HCV-HCC.
  • Achieving SVR is critical for maximizing survival benefits in the DAA era.
  • The findings underscore the transformative effect of DAAs on managing HCV-related liver cancer.