Stable Zinc Anode Facilitated by Regenerated Silk Fibroin-modified Hydrogel Protective Layer

Inherent dendrite growth and side reactions of zinc anode caused by its unstable interface in aqueous electrolytes severely limit the practical applications of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). To overcome these challenges, a protective layer for Zn anode inspired by cytomembrane structure is developed with PVA as framework and silk fibroin gel suspension (SFs) as modifier. This PVA/SFs gel-like layer exerts similar to the solid electrolyte interphase, optimizing the anode-electrolyte interface and Zn²⁺ solvation structure. Through interface improvement, controlled Zn²⁺ migration/diffusion, and desolvation, this buffer layer effectively inhibits dendrite growth and side reactions. The additional SFs provide functional improvement and better interaction with PVA by abundant functional groups, achieving a robust and durable Zn anode with high reversibility. Thus, the PVA/SFs@Zn symmetric cell exhibits an ultra-long lifespan of 3150 h compared to bare Zn (182 h) at 1.0 mAh cm^-2-1.0 mAh cm^-2, and excellent reversibility with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.04% under a large plating capacity for 800 cycles. Moreover, the PVA/SFs@Zn||PANI/CC full cells maintain over 20 000 cycles with over 80% capacity retention under harsh conditions at 5 and 10 A g^-1. This SF-modified protective layer for Zn anode suggests a promising strategy for reliable and high-performance ZIBs.