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Disability, Discrimination, and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Stress Process Model
Robyn Lewis Brown1, Gabriele Ciciurkaite2
1University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Society and Mental Health
|April 11, 2024
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic increased disability-related discrimination and psychological distress for people with disabilities. This study highlights the impact of social stressors and ableism on mental well-being.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Psychology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic introduced significant social stressors.
- Ableism and disability-related discrimination are known to negatively impact mental health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between pandemic-related social stressors and ableism among people with disabilities.
- To assess how disability status moderates the relationship between stressors, discrimination, and psychological well-being.
Main Methods:
- Community survey data from 2,043 individuals in the Intermountain West, including a subsample with disabilities.
- Moderated mediation analysis to explore the role of disability status.
Main Results:
- Increased exposure to pandemic stressors was linked to higher levels of discrimination.
- Discrimination exacerbated the psychological distress of the pandemic for individuals with disabilities compared to those without disabilities.
Conclusions:
- Findings underscore the significant impact of macro-level stressors like the pandemic on ableism and mental health outcomes for disabled populations.
- The minority stress model provides a valuable framework for understanding mental health challenges among people with disabilities during public health crises.
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