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Increased Rheumatoid Factor production in patients with severe COVID-19.

Mourad Elghali1, I Bannour1, I Touil2

  • 1Immunology department, University Hospital F.B., University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
|April 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatoid Factor IgM (RF-IgM) is more prevalent in severe COVID-19 cases. Increased RF-IgM production is linked to the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Keywords:
Covid-19InfectionRheumatoid factorViruses

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rheumatoid Factors (RF) detection in COVID-19 patients is not well-documented.
  • Investigating RF isotypes in relation to COVID-19 clinical outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between RF isotypes (IgM, IgA, IgG) and COVID-19 clinical presentations.
  • To analyze RF isotype associations in Tunisian COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect RF isotypes.
  • Eighty-two COVID-19 patients were studied, including symptomatic cases from intensive care units.
  • Data was collected from January 2021 to March 2021.

Main Results:

  • 50% of patients tested positive for any RF isotype.
  • RF-IgM positivity was observed in 39% of patients.
  • RF-IgM was significantly associated with symptomatic COVID-19 and higher concentrations in severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Increased production of RF-IgM isotype is suggested in severe COVID-19.
  • RF-IgM may serve as a potential biomarker for COVID-19 severity.