Isobavachalcone alleviates ischemic stroke by suppressing HDAC1 expression and improving M2 polarization

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide.
• Isobavachalcone (ISO) demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases.
• The neuroprotective effects of ISO in ischemic stroke are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the therapeutic potential of Isobavachalcone (ISO) in ischemic stroke.
• To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ISO's action in stroke models.

Main Methods:

• Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) rat models.
• Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) cell models.
• Biochemical assays, histological analysis, and molecular biology techniques.

Main Results:

• ISO treatment reduced brain infarction, edema, and neurological deficits in tMCAO/R rats.
• ISO suppressed apoptosis and inflammation markers (e.g., cleaved caspase-3, BAX, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β).
• ISO promoted M2 microglial polarization by decreasing HDAC1 expression, while inhibiting M1 polarization.

Conclusions:

• Isobavachalcone exhibits significant neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke.
• ISO mitigates ischemic brain injury by modulating microglial polarization and suppressing HDAC1.
• ISO holds promise as a therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke treatment.