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Endobronchial growth: Tumor or tuberculosis.
Zuber Ahmad1, Imrana Masood1, Ummul Baneen1
1Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, JNMCH, AMU, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|April 12, 2024
Summary
Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) rarely presents as a tumorous bronchial growth. Early diagnosis via bronchoscopy and biopsy is crucial for effective anti-tubercular treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
Background:
- Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) involves tuberculosis infection of the airways.
- Tumorous growth-like presentation in the bronchus is an uncommon manifestation of EBTB.
- Non-specific clinical and radiological features pose a diagnostic challenge.
Observation:
- This case series presents three unique cases of endobronchial growth diagnosed as EBTB.
- Patients presented with non-specific symptoms including fever, cough, hoarseness, and hemoptysis.
- Bronchoscopy revealed bronchial growth in all cases, confirmed by biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) CBNAAT.
Findings:
- Histopathological examination and BAL CBNAAT confirmed EBTB in all three cases.
- All patients responded well to anti-tubercular drug treatment.
- The study highlights the rarity of EBTB presenting as a tumorous tracheobronchial mass.
Implications:
- A high index of suspicion is necessary for EBTB, especially with non-specific symptoms and radiological findings.
- EBTB can be misdiagnosed as malignancy, necessitating its consideration in differential diagnoses of tracheal or bronchial mass lesions.
- Timely diagnosis through bronchoscopy and biopsy is vital for appropriate management and patient outcomes.
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