Distribution of copper among components of human serum

We examined the distribution of copper among four components of human serum separated by chromatography on Sephadex G-150 and Affi-gel blue. Analysis of copper by furnace atomic absorption indicated that normal adults have copper at an average of 600 ng/ml associated with ceruloplasmin; at 120 ng/ml with transcuprein, a new copper transport protein; at 150 ng/ml with albumin; and at 90 ng/ml with one to three components of low molecular weight (less than 30,000). Cancer patients had more total copper but similar proportions in the four serum fractions. In both groups, some individuals had very high levels of copper in transcuprein, albumin, and/or one or more components of the low-molecular-weight fraction. The results showed that, contrary to earlier conclusions, ceruloplasmin copper only comprised about 60% of the total in human serum; and not just ceruloplasmin but also other forms of serum copper may be elevated in cancer patients.