Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Frustrated Lewis Pairs for the Activation and Transformation of CO₂

Due to the serious ecological problems caused by the high CO₂ content in the atmosphere, reducing atmospheric CO₂ has attracted widespread attention from academia and governments. Among the many ways to mitigate CO₂ concentration, the capture and comprehensive utilization of CO₂ through chemical methods have obvious advantages, whose key is to develop suitable adsorbents and catalysts. Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are known to bind CO₂ through the interaction between unquenched Lewis acid sites/Lewis base sites with the O/C of CO₂, simultaneously achieving CO₂ capture and activation, which render FLP better potential for CO₂ utilization. However, how to construct efficient FLP targeted for CO₂ utilization and the mechanism of CO₂ activation have not been systematically reported. This review firstly provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in the field of CO₂ capture, activation, and transformation with the help of FLP, including the construction of homogeneous and heterogeneous FLPs, their interaction with CO₂, reaction activity, and mechanism study. We also illustrated the challenges and opportunities faced in this field to shed light on the prospective research.