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Mapping brain volume change across time in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis.

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Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients often experience accelerated brain volume loss. This study developed brain maps to identify PPMS individuals at higher risk of brain atrophy, aiding in better treatment decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is characterized by progressive neurological decline.
  • Quantifying age-related brain volume loss is crucial for managing PPMS.
  • Current methods for detecting brain atrophy in PPMS require improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create detailed brain volume maps for PPMS patients.
  • To compare age-related brain volume changes in PPMS with healthy individuals.
  • To identify regions susceptible to accelerated atrophy in PPMS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of T1-weighted MRI scans from PPMS patients and healthy controls.
  • Utilized SynthSeg for precise measurement of brain parenchyma, cortex, white matter, deep gray matter, thalamus, and cerebellum volumes.
  • Developed age- and gender-specific normality thresholds using data from healthy subjects.

Main Results:

  • PPMS patients exhibited lower brain volumes across most regions compared to healthy subjects, notably in brain parenchyma, white matter, and thalamus.
  • Brain volume loss correlated with disease duration and disability.
  • The cerebellum was the only region not showing significantly lower volumes in PPMS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Age- and gender-matched brain volume maps effectively identify PPMS patients at high risk for accelerated brain volume loss.
  • Monitoring high-risk individuals can inform treatment strategies and potentially improve patient outcomes.
  • This approach offers a valuable tool for personalized management of PPMS.