Suicide Interventions in Spain and Japan: A Comparative Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Public Health
• Clinical Psychiatry

Background:

• Systematic review of psychological interventions for suicide in Spain and Japan (2013-2023).
• Motivated by rising suicide rates in Spain and Japan's successful reduction efforts.
• Focuses on understanding and comparing intervention strategies between the two countries.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of psychological interventions for suicide.
• To identify common and distinct intervention characteristics in Spain and Japan.
• To inform professionals on comprehensive approaches to suicide prevention.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search using PRISMA checklist across major databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo).
• Inclusion of peer-reviewed articles in English, Spanish, and Japanese (2013-2023) on psychological interventions for suicidal behavior.
• Analysis of 46 studies focusing on prevention, treatment, and training.

Main Results:

• Low risk of bias observed in both Spanish and Japanese studies, despite non-randomized samples.
• Common intervention characteristics include psychoeducation and coping skills development.
• Assertive case management and active patient involvement were notably highlighted in Japanese studies.

Conclusions:

• Findings suggest incorporating broader, comprehensive approaches in suicide interventions.
• Emphasizes the importance of interpersonal components in psychological treatments for suicidal behavior.
• Provides insights for mental health professionals in developing effective suicide prevention strategies.