A Novel Nanofiber Hydrogel Adhesive Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Modified by Adenine and Thymine

Natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels have garnered significant interest for their outstanding strength and versatile applications, in addition to being eco-friendly. However, the adhesive capabilities of purely natural products are suboptimal, which hampers their practical use. To address this, we engineered carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) surfaces with complementary bases, adenine (A) and thymine (T), to facilitate the self-assembly of adhesive hydrogels (CMC-AT) with a nanofiber configuration. Impressively, the shear adhesive strength reached up to 6.49 MPa with a mere 2% adhesive concentration. Building upon this innovation, we conducted a comparative analysis of the shear adhesion properties between CMC and CMC-AT hydrogel adhesives when applied to delignified and non-delignified wood chips. We examined the interplay between the adhesives and the substrate, as well as the role of mechanical interlocking in overall adhesion performance. Our findings offer a fresh perspective on the development of new biodegradable polymer hydrogel adhesives.