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Substance P Concentration in Gestational Diabetes and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain and Its Impact on Neonatal

Magdalena Niebrzydowska-Tatus1, Aleksandra Pełech1, Katarzyna Bień2

  • 1Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) may increase offspring

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Fetal programming links intrauterine conditions to long-term offspring health.
  • Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) are associated with increased offspring risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Substance P, a neurotransmitter implicated in obesity and insulin signaling, may play a role in pregnancy pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Substance P concentrations in maternal serum and umbilical cord blood.
  • To investigate Substance P levels in women with GDM, EGWG, and healthy controls with a family history of GDM.
  • To explore the correlation between maternal and umbilical cord blood Substance P levels.

Main Methods:

  • Serum and umbilical cord blood samples were collected from three groups: GDM patients, EGWG patients, and healthy controls.
  • Substance P concentrations were measured in all collected samples.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare levels between groups and assess correlations.

Main Results:

  • Umbilical cord blood Substance P levels were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to EGWG and control groups.
  • Substance P levels in maternal serum and umbilical cord blood showed a positive correlation across all groups.
  • A strong positive correlation was observed between maternal and cord blood Substance P in the GDM group.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated Substance P in umbilical cord blood of mothers with GDM suggests a potential role in fetal programming.
  • This study is the first to assess Substance P concentrations in GDM and EGWG patients.
  • Future research should explore the link between neonatal Substance P levels in diabetic pregnancies and respiratory distress syndrome.

Keywords:
excessive gestational weight gainfetal programminggestational diabetes mellitussubstance P

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