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Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Variability in Definitions and Criteria of Extrauterine Growth Restriction and Its Association with

Clara González-López1, Gonzalo Solís-Sánchez1,2,3, Sonia Lareu-Vidal1,2

  • 1Unidad de Neonatología, Área de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.

Nutrients
|April 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in preterm infants lacks a standard definition, hindering the prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes. This review highlights the challenges in comparing studies due to varied EUGR criteria and outcome assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) is recognized as inadequate growth in preterm infants.
  • Current diagnostic criteria for EUGR exhibit significant variability, lacking standardization.
  • There is no consensus on optimal assessment timing or growth monitoring tools for EUGR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants diagnosed with EUGR.
  • To compare different definitions of EUGR (cross-sectional, longitudinal, "true") in relation to neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • To identify challenges in comparing studies due to heterogeneity in EUGR definitions and outcome measures.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of studies evaluating neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants with EUGR.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on distinct EUGR definitions by weight.

Main Results:

  • Significant variability exists in the criteria used to define EUGR across studies.
  • Heterogeneity in neurodevelopmental outcome assessment methods complicates comparisons.
  • Inconsistent definitions and assessment tools impede firm conclusions on the EUGR-neurodevelopmental outcome relationship.

Conclusions:

  • The lack of standardized EUGR definitions and neurodevelopmental assessment methods hinders reliable outcome prediction.
  • Further research with consistent criteria is needed to establish a clear link between EUGR definitions and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Standardization is crucial for accurate diagnosis, early intervention, and improved long-term outcomes for preterm infants.

Keywords:
extrauterine growth restrictionneurodevelopmentprematurity

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