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Functional myelin in cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders
Hasni Khelfaoui1, Cristobal Ibaceta-Gonzalez1, Maria Cecilia Angulo2,3
1Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014, Paris, France.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|April 13, 2024
Summary
Oligodendrocytes form myelin, crucial for rapid nerve signal transmission and brain function. This review explores myelin
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths around CNS axons, vital for neuronal function.
- Myelin enables rapid saltatory conduction and provides neuronal support.
- Myelin's role extends beyond speed to precision, coordinating neuronal networks via oscillations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of myelin's role in higher-order brain processes.
- To highlight knowledge gaps concerning myelin, brain oscillations, cognition, and disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing existing research on myelin and brain function.
- Analysis of studies linking myelin plasticity to cognitive processes and memory.
- Examination of evidence connecting myelin to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Main Results:
- Myelin is implicated in cognitive functions reliant on brain oscillations.
- Myelin plasticity is a key mechanism in memory formation and maintenance.
- The precise link between myelin, oscillations, cognition, and disease remains incompletely understood.
Conclusions:
- Myelin's function in the CNS may emphasize precise neuronal coordination over mere speed.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate myelin's complex role in cognition and neurological disorders.
Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderBrain oscillationsCognitionDevelopmentMyelinOPCsOligodendrocytesSchizophreniaMore Related Videos
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