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A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
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Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Preterm Birth: A Case Control Study.

Sonam Gyamtsho1, Karma Tenzin2, Tshering Choeda2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu.

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
|April 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Maternal factors like pre-eclampsia and limited antenatal care visits significantly increase preterm birth risk. Previous C-sections and preterm deliveries also elevate the chances of premature birth.

Keywords:
Case control study; preeclampsia; preterm birth; risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm birth (before 37 weeks) is a major cause of infant mortality and morbidity.
  • Identifying maternal risk factors is crucial for preventing complications of prematurity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine maternal risk factors associated with preterm birth in singleton pregnancies.
  • To inform targeted interventions for reducing preterm birth rates.

Main Methods:

  • Hospital-based unmatched case-control study.
  • Data collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires from March to December 2021.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis used to identify significant risk factors (p<0.05).

Main Results:

  • Preeclampsia (aOR 10.99) and prelabour rupture of membranes (aOR 8.67) were strongly associated with preterm birth.
  • Fewer than four antenatal care visits (aOR 9.58), previous C-section (aOR 5.72), and fetal growth restriction (aOR 7.28) also increased risk.
  • Previous preterm delivery history (aOR 2.99) was a significant risk factor.

Conclusions:

  • Key risk factors include preeclampsia, inadequate antenatal care, PROM, fetal growth restriction, prior C-section, and prior preterm birth.
  • Emphasizes the need for early screening of preeclampsia and improved antenatal care.
  • Highlights the importance of managing infections, reducing C-sections, and providing focused care for high-risk pregnancies.