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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

152
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

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Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Computerized cognitive control training to reduce rumination in major depression: A randomized controlled trial.

Ulrike Zetsche1, Pauline Neumann1, Paul-Christian Bürkner2

  • 1Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|April 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive control training did not reduce daily rumination in depressed individuals, despite improving working memory performance. This suggests updating emotional content in working memory may not impact rumination frequency or negativity.

Keywords:
Ambulatory assessmentCognitive control trainingExperience samplingMajor depressionRumination

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Clinical psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Rumination is a key risk factor for depression onset and recurrence.
  • Rumination is linked to working memory deficits, specifically in updating content.
  • Cognitive control training aims to enhance executive functions like updating.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cognitive control training targeting working memory updating reduces daily rumination in depressed individuals.
  • To assess the impact of this training on depressive symptoms and disability.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial with 65 individuals diagnosed with major depressive episodes.
  • Intervention group received 10 sessions of cognitive control training; control group received placebo training.
  • Daily rumination frequency and negativity were measured using experience sampling methodology before, after, and at 3-month follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive control training improved performance on the trained task compared to placebo.
  • No significant differences were found in the reduction of daily rumination frequency or negativity between the groups.
  • No training-specific effects were observed on depressive symptoms or disability levels.

Conclusions:

  • Training depressed individuals to update emotional content in working memory does not reduce daily rumination.
  • The study highlights the limitations of targeting working memory updating for reducing rumination in clinical depression.
  • Robust null findings suggest current interventions may not effectively modify rumination through this mechanism.