[METATARSUS ADDUCTUS - A COMMON DEFORMITY - WHAT TO DO AND WHEN?]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Orthopedics
• Neonatal Care

Background:

• Forefoot adduction deformity (FAD) is the most common newborn foot deformity.
• Diagnosis primarily relies on physical examination; imaging offers no clear advantage.
• Early intervention is crucial for successful treatment outcomes.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current knowledge on FAD diagnosis, classification, and treatment.
• It evaluates conservative, casting, orthotic, and surgical interventions.
• An institutional treatment protocol for primary care physicians is presented.

Key Points:

• Classification systems assess deformity severity based on deviation and flexibility.
• Mild FAD may be managed with observation or stretching.
• Severe FAD typically requires serial casting; orthoses offer a comfortable alternative.
• Surgery is reserved for refractory cases or older children.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis and timely, severity-appropriate treatment are essential for FAD management.
• Innovative orthoses show promise for improved patient comfort and satisfaction.
• The provided protocol aims to guide primary care physicians in managing FAD effectively.