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Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues

Rahaba Marima1, Afra Basera1,2, Thabiso Miya1

  • 1SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa.

Non-Coding RNA Research
|April 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key players in cancer, influencing tumor growth and treatment response. This review explores their roles and potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Extracellular Vesicles

Background:

  • Exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Their involvement in tumorigenesis, immune modulation, and drug resistance highlights their significance in cancer progression.
  • Despite their importance, exosomal lncRNAs remain an understudied area in cancer biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the dynamic interplay between exosomal lncRNAs and cellular components in cancer.
  • To elucidate the regulatory functions of exosomal lncRNAs in tumor-stroma interactions, immune modulation, and drug resistance.
  • To explore the potential of exosomal lncRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, including their use in liquid biopsies and as targets for RNA-based therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology.
  • Analysis of interactions between exosomal lncRNAs and tumor-stroma, immune cells, and drug resistance mechanisms.
  • Exploration of current and emerging therapeutic strategies involving exosomal lncRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Exosomal lncRNAs facilitate communication networks crucial for tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.
  • They play significant roles in modulating the anti-tumor immune response.
  • Dysregulation of exosomal lncRNAs is implicated in the development of chemoresistance and radioresistance.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomal lncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsies.
  • Targeting exosomal lncRNAs offers novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
  • Exosomes themselves can serve as effective carriers for lncRNA-based personalized therapies.
Keywords:
BiomarkersCancerExosomal lncRNAsExosomesIntercellular and intracellular communication

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