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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
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Spatiotemporal Evolution of Developing Palate in Mice.

B Wang1, Z Zhang2, J Zhao1

  • 1Center for Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Journal of Dental Research
|April 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps palate development using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial omics, revealing distinct cell roles and signaling pathways crucial for palate formation and potential birth defect insights.

Keywords:
cleft palatepalateprenatal developmentsingle-cell transcriptome analysisspatial transcriptome analysistranscriptome profiles

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Palate formation is complex, with underlying mechanisms poorly understood.
  • Identifying key cell populations and their interactions is vital for understanding development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a spatiotemporal transcription map of palatal cells during development.
  • To identify distinct cell subsets and their spatial distribution.
  • To analyze intercellular signaling networks involved in palate formation.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of mouse palate at embryonic days 12.5, 14.5, and 16.5.
  • Spatial enhanced resolution omics-sequencing (stereo-seq) to map cell distribution.
  • Integration of scRNA-seq and stereo-seq data with CellTrek for cell annotation and communication analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified and spatially mapped distinct mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations in 3 domains.
  • Mesenchymal subpopulations are linked to tooth formation, ossification, and remodeling.
  • Nasal epithelium shows stronger immune responses; specific signals (Tgfβ3, Pthlh) identified at the midline seam.

Conclusions:

  • Provides a high-resolution transcriptomic atlas of palate development.
  • Elucidates spatial organization and intercellular communication in developing palate.
  • Offers mechanistic insights into palate biology and potential pathophysiology of cleft palate.