Reconfigurable origami hologram based on deep neural networks

Reconfigurable and multifunctional metasurfaces are becoming indispensable in a variety of applications due to their capability to execute diverse functions across various states. However, many of these metasurfaces incorporate complex active components, thereby escalating structural complexity and bulk volume. In this research, we propose a reconfigurable passive hologram based solely on an origami structure, enabling the successful generation of holograms depicting the 'Z' and 'L' illuminated by a right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) wave in two distinct states: planar and zigzag configuration, respectively. The transformation between the 2D planar metasurface and the 3D zigzag structure with slant angles of 35 is achieved solely through mechanically stretching and compressing the origami metasurface. The phases on the origami metasurface are trained through a deep neural network which operates on the NVIDIA Tesla k80 GPU, with the total training process costing 11.88 s after 100 epochs. The reconfigurable scheme proposed in this research provides flexibility and ease of implementation in the fields of imaging and data processing.