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Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

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The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Multicomponent DNAzyme Nanomachines: Structure, Applications, and Prospects.

Daria D Nedorezova1, Maria S Rubel2, Aleksandr A Rubel3

  • 1ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia. darianedorez@icloud.com.

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
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Summary

This review explores DNA nanomachines, highlighting DNAzymes as key functional elements. These nucleic acid-based machines show promise for disease diagnostics and treatment applications.

Keywords:
DNA nanomachinesDNAzyme 10-23DNAzymesnucleic acid diagnosticstargeted cancer therapytheranostics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nanomedicine

Background:

  • Nucleic acids (NAs) are fundamental to life, storing and transmitting genetic information.
  • NAs form complex, self-assembling structures capable of interacting with biological molecules.
  • DNAzymes, a type of NA, possess catalytic activity, enabling their use in constructing functional nanomachines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multicomponent DNA-based nanomachines, emphasizing DNAzymes.
  • To discuss the structure, advantages, and disadvantages of DNAzyme nanomachines.
  • To explore the applications of DNAzyme nanomachines in disease diagnostics and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of DNAzyme-based nanomachines.
  • Analysis of structural properties and functional mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of current and potential medical applications.

Main Results:

  • DNAzymes serve as versatile functional components in DNA nanomachines.
  • DNAzyme nanomachines offer potential for targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • The review synthesizes information on new technologies and NA applications in medicine.

Conclusions:

  • DNAzyme nanomachines represent a promising frontier in nanomedicine.
  • Further research can optimize DNAzyme nanomachines for enhanced clinical utility.
  • Nucleic acid-based technologies hold significant potential for future medical advancements.