ADHD in older adults - a scoping review

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Psychiatry

Background:

• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized in older adult populations.
• Understanding the unique presentation and impact of ADHD in later life is essential for targeted care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review of existing research on ADHD symptoms, comorbidities, and challenges in adults aged 60 and older.
• To identify knowledge gaps and inform future research directions.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was performed across multiple databases (ProQuest Central, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed).
• The review followed Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage scoping review framework.
• Included studies were peer-reviewed, ethically approved primary research in English focusing on ADHD in individuals aged 60+.

Main Results:

• Seventeen articles were included in the review.
• Core ADHD symptoms persist in older adults, though their manifestation may differ from younger individuals.
• Common comorbidities included depression and anxiety; challenges such as relationship difficulties and social isolation were frequently reported.

Conclusions:

• Older adults with ADHD face significant symptoms, comorbidities, and challenges that negatively affect their quality of life.
• Aging processes can exacerbate ADHD symptoms and increase the overall burden of the condition.
• Further research is needed to develop interventions that improve the well-being of older adults with ADHD.