Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2025
Development of Amelogenin-chitosan Hydrogel for In Vitro Enamel Regrowth with a Dense Interface
Published on: July 10, 2014
An experimental teeth bleaching agent containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate
Hacer Balkaya1, Sezer Demirbuğa1, Serkan Dayan2
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Erciyes University, Faculty of Dentistry, Kayseri, Turkey.
Objectives:
This study was aimed to obtain an experimental bleaching agent by adding casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in order to eliminate the mineral loss on the tooth surface after bleaching and to evaluate the bleaching effectiveness.
Materials And Methods:
In this study, experimental bleaching agents containing 1%, 3% CPP-ACP and without CPP-ACP were obtained. Bleaching effectiveness (color change), the effect of bleaching agents on mineral content (energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy), surface morphology (scanning electron microscope), and surface hardness of enamel (Vicker's microhardness) before and after bleaching were evaluated. The obtained data were statistically analyzed.
Results:
When the bleaching levels of the groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between the control and 1% CPP-ACP groups (p > 0.05) while the addition of 3% CPP-ACP decreased significantly the effectiveness of the bleaching agent (p < 0.05). When the effects of experimental bleaching agents on surface hardness were examined, while the enamel surface hardness decreased statistically significantly after application in the control group (p < 0.05), no statistically significant change was observed in surface hardness after the application of 1% CPP-ACP containing bleaching agent (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant increase was observed in surface hardness after the application of 3% CPP-ACP containing bleaching agent (p < 0.05). When the Ca and P ratio of the groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between the control and 1% CPP-ACP groups (p > 0.05), while they increased significantly in 3% CPP-ACP group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
The addition of 1% CPP-ACP to the bleaching agent had positive effects on the mineral content and surface hardness of the enamel, and did not negatively affect the whitening effectiveness.
Clinical Significance:
Adding CPP-ACP to the bleaching agent at appropriate concentrations can eliminate possible negative effects without compromising the effectiveness of the bleaching agent.
Related Concept Videos
01:18The Bone Matrix
01:31Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
01:15Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...