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Related Concept Videos

Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

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Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Integrins01:10

Integrins

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Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Such genes that act...
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Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Transfer of Manipulated Tumor-associated Neutrophils into Tumor-Bearing Mice to Study their Angiogenic Potential In Vivo
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Taking down tumors takes atypical integrins.

John F Foley1

  • 1Science Signaling, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005, USA.

Science Signaling
|April 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

An unexpected integrin pairing boosts T cell receptor signaling and cancer-killing ability in antitumor T cells, improving immune responses against tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • T cell receptor (TCR) signaling is crucial for adaptive immunity and tumor surveillance.
  • Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that modulate immune cell function.
  • The specific roles of integrin pairings in TCR signaling remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of novel integrin pairings on T cell receptor signaling.
  • To determine if these integrin interactions enhance the cytotoxic activity of antitumor T cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized co-culture systems with tumor cells and engineered T cells.
  • Employed flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining to assess T cell activation.
  • Performed cytotoxicity assays to measure tumor cell killing efficiency.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Transfer of Manipulated Tumor-associated Neutrophils into Tumor-Bearing Mice to Study their Angiogenic Potential In Vivo
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Main Results:

  • Identified a novel integrin pairing that significantly potentiates TCR signaling.
  • Observed a marked increase in T cell proliferation and cytokine production.
  • Demonstrated enhanced tumor cell lysis mediated by T cells with the identified integrin pairing.

Conclusions:

  • An unexpected integrin pairing can synergistically enhance TCR signaling.
  • This integrin-mediated enhancement translates to improved cytotoxic function against tumors.
  • Targeting specific integrin interactions represents a potential strategy for augmenting cancer immunotherapy.