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A portable solid sampling visualization nano-sensor for soil Cd based on "three-phase transforming" technique.

Tengpeng Liu1, Xudong Huang2, Chunhui Wang2

  • 1Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

Talanta
|April 16, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel "three-phase transforming" technique enables direct solid sample analysis for ionic sensors. This method simplifies on-site elemental detection, making visual sensing of contaminants like cadmium in soil feasible.

Keywords:
CadmiumColorimetric sensorDirect solid samplingMiniaturized analyzerSoil

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Direct analysis of solid samples using ionic sensors is hindered by solidified elements and matrix interference.
  • Existing methods often require complex sample preparation, limiting on-site applications.
  • Development of techniques for direct elemental analysis in solids is crucial for rapid environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a "three-phase transforming" technique for direct solid sampling and elemental analysis.
  • To enable on-site visual detection of cadmium (Cd) in soil samples.
  • To develop a portable and efficient method for preconcentrating and detecting Cd from solid matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a metal ceramic heater (MCH) electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) coupled with a dielectric barrier discharge quartz trap (DBD-QT) for solid sampling and preconcentration of Cd.
  • Employed a colorimetric sensor based on trithiocyanuric acid (TMT) functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for visual detection.
  • Developed a portable ETV-DBD apparatus for direct Cd introduction from soil, followed by elution with water for colorimetric analysis.

Main Results:

  • The "three-phase transforming" process converted Cd from solid soil to aerosol, then to solid oxides on a quartz trap, and finally to liquid Cd2+ ions.
  • Achieved a method limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 mg/kg for Cd in soil (50 mg sample) with <20% relative standard deviations (RSDs).
  • Demonstrated fast analysis (<10 min), low power consumption (<130 W), portability (4.5 kg), and effective elimination of lead (Pb2+) interference.

Conclusions:

  • The "three-phase transforming" technique coupled with a colorimetric sensor provides a viable methodology for direct, on-site elemental analysis of solid samples.
  • This approach significantly simplifies sample handling and overcomes matrix interferences common in solid sample analysis.
  • The developed system holds great potential for the future of ionic sensors in direct visual detection of elemental contaminants in various solid matrices.