Gut microbiota in MAFLD: therapeutic and diagnostic implications

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.
• MAFLD prevalence is increasing, necessitating urgent preventive and therapeutic interventions.
• The gut microbiota's role in MAFLD pathogenesis is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the intricate relationship between MAFLD and gut microbiota in disease development.
• To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota for MAFLD.
• To discuss novel biomarkers for MAFLD diagnosis and staging.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating MAFLD and gut microbiota.
• Analysis of therapeutic interventions including diet, exercise, and microbiota-directed therapies.
• Evaluation of diagnostic potential of microbiota-derived testing and liquid biopsy.

Main Results:

• The gut microbiota significantly influences MAFLD pathogenesis.
• Various interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and lifestyle changes, show therapeutic potential.
• Novel biomarkers offer promise for early detection and staging of MAFLD.

Conclusions:

• Targeting the gut microbiota presents a promising avenue for MAFLD management.
• Further research into microbiota-host interactions is crucial for developing effective MAFLD therapies.
• Integrated strategies combining microbiota modulation and conventional treatments are needed for MAFLD.