Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

47.0K
The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
47.0K
Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

44.3K
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
44.3K
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

60.4K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
60.4K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.3K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.3K
Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character02:48

Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character

28.8K
Bond Polarity
28.8K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.5K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies for Relief from Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Bicenter Randomized, Parallel, and Controlled Trial.

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity·2017
Same author

Electrochemical Oxidation of EDTA in Nuclear Wastewater Using Platinum Supported on Activated Carbon Fibers.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2017
Same author

Novel biomimetic enzyme for sensitive detection of superoxide anions.

Talanta·2017
Same author

The Expression of Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 is Correlated with Tumor Invasion of Human Colorectal Cancer.

Scientific reports·2017
Same author

An excited state underlies gene regulation of a transcriptional riboswitch.

Nature chemical biology·2017
Same author

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates myocardial injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion in diabetic rats and in H9c2 cells under hyperglycemic conditions.

International journal of molecular medicine·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.0K

BF3 Complexing Phosphate/Phosphonate Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Characterization and Thermophysical Properties.

Ji-Jun Zeng1, Yuan-Hao Liao1, Yu An1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, China Tel numbers.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|April 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

New boron trifluoride (BF3) complexing ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit low viscosity and glass transition temperatures. These novel BF3 complexing phosphate/phosphonate ILs demonstrate promising properties for various applications.

Keywords:
Ionic liquids[X(BF3)2]−characterizationcomplex anionthermophysical properties

More Related Videos

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.0K
Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry
07:20

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.0K
From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.0K
Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry
07:20

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that are liquid at low temperatures, offering unique solvent properties.
  • Boron trifluoride (BF3) complexation can modify IL properties, but systematic studies on phosphate/phosphonate-based systems are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Synthesize and characterize novel BF3 complexing phosphate/phosphonate ionic liquids.
  • Investigate and compare key thermophysical properties with non-complexed analogues.
  • Evaluate the potential applications of these new ILs based on their unique characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of [Emim][X(BF3)2] ionic liquids.
  • Measurement of thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, conductivity, surface tension, phase transitions, and thermal stability.
  • Estimation of derived properties: thermal expansion coefficient, molecular volume, entropy, lattice energy, free volume, critical temperature, boiling temperature, and enthalpy of vaporization.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis and characterization of four new BF3 complexing ILs.
  • Demonstrated significantly lower glass transition temperatures and viscosities compared to non-complexed ILs.
  • Exhibited high free volume fractions and good adherence to the Walden rule, indicating high ionicity.
  • Classified as fragile liquids, with potential for low-temperature applications.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized BF3 complexing ionic liquids possess unique thermophysical properties, including extremely low glass transition temperatures and low viscosities.
  • These properties make them promising candidates for applications requiring enhanced performance at low temperatures.
  • The study provides valuable data for the design and application of novel ionic liquids.