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Updated: Jun 28, 2025
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Physical functional capacity assessment in children with chronic kidney disease: A cross sectional observational
Insights
Indian children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience reduced muscle strength and functional capacity. Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) showed the best outcomes, while those on hemodialysis had the most impairment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Exercise Physiology
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly impacts children's health, leading to decreased muscle mass, strength, and overall functional capacity.
- Understanding these deficits is crucial for developing targeted interventions in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare functional capacity and muscle strength in Indian children across different stages of CKD.
- The study assessed children with CKD stages I-V, those on dialysis (stage VD), and kidney transplant recipients (KTR).
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study involving 60 Indian children, divided into three groups (CKD I-V, VD, KTR).
- Functional capacity and muscle strength were measured using the 6-minute walk distance (SMWD), timed floor-to-stand test (TFTS), and hand grip strength (HGS).
- Exclusion criteria included inability to perform tests and recent transplantation (within 6 months).
Main Results:
- Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) demonstrated superior functional capacity and muscle strength compared to children with CKD and those on dialysis.
- Significant differences in SMWD, TFTS, and HGS were observed across the groups (p < 0.001).
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) showed moderate positive correlations with SMWD and HGS, and a negative correlation with TFTS.
Conclusions:
- Hemodialysis is associated with the most significant impairment in muscle strength and functional capacity in Indian children with CKD.
- Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) exhibit the best-preserved physical function, highlighting the benefits of transplantation.
Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to reduced muscle mass and strength in children resulting in a decrease in functional capacity. The objectives of this cross-sectional observational study were to evaluate and compare the functional capacity and muscle strength in children with CKD stage I - V (group A), on dialysis (stage VD) (group B), and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) (group C) in Indian children.
Materials And Methods:
60 children, 20 each in groups A, B, and C were enrolled. Children who could not do the tests and transplant recipients within 6 months of transplantation were excluded. Functional capacity and muscle strength were assessed by 6-minute walk distance (SMWD), timed floor-to-stand test (TFTS), and hand grip strength (HGS).
Results:
The mean age of the group was 12.54 ± 2.96 years. Among groups A, B, and C, the SMWD in meters (465.90 ± 68.85, 381.45 ± 50.88, 509.05 ± 43.37), TFTS in seconds (9.93 ± 1.77, 10.36 ± 1.30, and 7.68 ± 0.76), and HGS in kg were (12.7 ± 3.85, 10.4 ± 3.02, 19.75 ± 4.45), respectively (p < 0.001). Group C had the best physical functional capacity. The SMWD and HGS had a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.658, 0.658, respectively), and TFTS had a negative correlation (r = -0.605) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The mean HGS and TFTS were different between groups A, C, and B, C (p < 0.05) and not between A and B. The SMWT was however different between A, B, and C (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Muscle strength and functional capacity were most impaired in Indian children on hemodialysis and best preserved in KTR.
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