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M2 receptors are required for spatiotemporal sequence learning in mouse primary visual cortex.

Susrita Sarkar¹, Catalina Martinez Reyes¹, Cambria M Jensen¹

¹Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Journal of Neurophysiology

|April 17, 2024

Summary

The M2 muscarinic receptor, not M1, is essential for spatiotemporal sequence learning in the mouse visual cortex. This finding reveals a specific role for M2 receptors in processing temporal information and experience-dependent plasticity.

Keywords:

muscarinic acetylcholine receptors spatiotemporal plasticity visual cortex

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Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

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Published on: February 8, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Molecular Biology
Systems Neuroscience

Background:

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter vital for central nervous system functions.
Muscarinic receptors (M1-M5) mediate acetylcholine signaling, but their specific roles in neural plasticity are not fully understood.
Previous research indicated muscarinic receptor blockade impairs spatiotemporal sequence learning in the mouse visual cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the specific roles of M1 and M2 muscarinic receptors in spatiotemporal sequence learning in the mouse primary visual cortex (V1).
To determine the expression patterns of M2 receptors in V1 and their relationship with neuronal populations.
To compare the necessity of M2 receptors for plasticity in monocular versus binocular visual field representations.

Main Methods:

Electrophysiological recordings in mouse primary visual cortex (V1).
Pharmacological manipulation using muscarinic receptor antagonists.
Immunohistochemistry to assess M2 receptor expression and colocalization with somatostatin-expressing neurons.
Analysis of experience-dependent plasticity in monocular and binocular regions of V1.

Main Results:

M2 muscarinic receptors, but not M1, are required for spatiotemporal sequence learning in mouse V1.
M2 receptors are highly expressed in V1 neuropil, particularly in layer 4, and colocalize with a subset of somatostatin-positive neurons.
M2 receptor expression is higher in the monocular V1 region, yet plasticity occurs similarly in both monocular and binocular regions.

Conclusions:

The M2 muscarinic receptor subtype plays a specific and critical role in encoding experience-dependent spatiotemporal sequence learning in the visual cortex.
This study identifies a novel function for M2 receptors in processing temporal information within cortical circuits.
Experience-dependent modifications occur similarly in both monocular and binocular circuits, highlighting the plasticity of monocular representations.