Immunocytochemistry of Primary Cultured Cerebral Cortical Neurons

Immunocytochemistry combined with confocal or superresolution microscopy allows us to observe molecular localization and intracellular structures. However, it is challenging to analyze individual neurons in brain tissue, where neurons are densely packed. In contrast, we can easily observe structures such as the axonal growth cone and dendritic spines in dissociated individual neurons. Thus, the immunocytochemistry of primary cultured neurons is often used because it reflects the in vivo condition at least in part. Here, we describe a method for indirect fluorescence immunocytochemistry of primary cultured neurons from the embryonic cerebral cortex. This involves multiple steps including fixation, permeabilization, and antibody reaction, and in particular, we introduce an optimized protocol for permeabilization to enable the precise localization of target molecules.