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Updated: Jun 28, 2025
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Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
Published on: September 26, 2011
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Host Nuclear Genome Copy Number Variations Identify High-Risk Anal Precancers in People Living With HIV
Tinaye Mutetwa1, Yuxin Liu2, Richard Silvera3
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|April 17, 2024
Summary
Genomic alterations in anal precancers can help distinguish high-grade lesions in people with HIV. Specific chromosomal gains, particularly 3q26 amplification, may indicate early anal cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Virology
Background:
- People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of anal precancer and cancer.
- Limited data exist on genomic changes in anal precancers among PLWH.
- This study investigates chromosomal variants in anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASIL) in PLWH.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific chromosomal variants in anal precancers among PLWH.
- To explore the association of these genomic alterations with clinical characteristics.
- To determine the potential of these alterations as biomarkers for distinguishing high-grade anal precancers.
Main Methods:
- Collected 63 anal biopsy specimens (27 LSIL, 36 HSIL) from PLWH undergoing anal cancer screening.
- Gathered data on patient demographics, cytology, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status.
- Utilized fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect chromosomal alterations linked to HPV oncogenesis.
Main Results:
- Gains of 3q26, 5p15, 20q13, and centromere 7 (cen7) were more frequent in HSIL than LSIL.
- A 3q26 gain was present in 89% of lesions with any detected abnormality.
- The presence of any chromosomal alteration showed 47% sensitivity and 93% specificity for predicting HSIL.
Conclusions:
- Genomic alterations in HPV-associated cancers can differentiate anal LSIL from HSIL.
- 3q26 amplification may be an early event in anal carcinogenesis.
- These findings offer insights into potential genomic biomarkers for high-risk anal precancers.
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