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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Updated: Jun 28, 2025

3D Organotypic Co-culture Model Supporting Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Promiscuous Gene Expression
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T-cell commitment inheritance-an agent-based multi-scale model.

Emil Andersson1, Ellen V Rothenberg2, Carsten Peterson1

  • 1Computational Science for Health and Environment, Centre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

NPJ Systems Biology and Applications
|April 17, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell commitment during T-cell development involves a three-step process. Decision inheritance mechanisms were revealed using an agent-based model, clarifying the timing of T-cell lineage commitment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • T-cell development is a model for lineage commitment from multipotent progenitors.
  • Intrathymic T-cell development, molecular circuitry, and gene regulation are well-studied.
  • The precise timing between T-cell decision-making and commitment remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate inheritance in early T-cell development.
  • To explore the temporal relationship between T-cell decision-making and commitment.
  • To analyze cell lineage relationships using an agent-based model.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of an agent-based multi-scale model for simulating T-cell development.
  • Tracking individual cells to construct lineage trees.
  • Introduction and analysis of the last common ancestor (LCA) concept for committed cells.
  • Simulation of wild-type development and knockdown analysis.

Main Results:

  • T-cell commitment is a three-step process occurring over several cell generations after an initial transcriptional switch.
  • Loss of Bcl11b-opposing function occurs 2-3 generations post-transcriptional switch.
  • Last common ancestor (LCA) analysis indicates commitment decisions are made earlier than the actual commitment transition (DN2b state).
  • Evidence of decision inheritance in T-cell commitment mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • T-cell commitment is a multi-step, temporally regulated process.
  • Decision inheritance plays a role in T-cell lineage commitment.
  • Agent-based modeling provides insights into the dynamics of cell development and decision-making.