Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in...

Boundary Layer Characteristics

Boundary Layer Characteristics

When a fluid encounters a solid surface, a boundary layer forms due to the interaction between the fluid's motion and the stationary surface. This phenomenon is characterized by a thin region adjacent to the surface where viscous forces dominate, influencing the fluid's velocity profile. The development of the boundary layer begins at the leading edge of the surface and evolves as the fluid moves downstream.As the fluid flows over the surface, friction between the fluid and the wall slows down...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

Isothermal Processes

Isothermal Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Front instabilities in the presence of convection due to thermal and compositional gradients.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2024

Same author

Pattern formation induced by intraspecific interactions in a predator-prey system.

Physical review. E·2020

Same author

Oscillatory instability in a reaction front separating fluids of different densities.

Physical review. E·2018

Same author

Convection induced by thermal gradients on thin reaction fronts.

Physical review. E·2018

Same author

Marangoni flow traveling with reaction fronts: Eikonal approximation.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2017

Same author

Rayleigh-Taylor instability of steady fronts described by the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2014

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

Thermal and compositional driven convection in thin reaction fronts.

Johann Quenta¹, Desiderio A Vasquez^1,2

¹Departamento de Ciencias, Sección Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 32, Perú.

Physical Review. E

|April 18, 2024

Summary

Buoyancy-driven convection can occur at chemical reaction fronts due to density gradients. This occurs even when denser fluids are above less dense fluids, leading to stable front propagation.

More Related Videos

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Published on: March 11, 2020

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

Published on: June 1, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Published on: March 11, 2020

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

Published on: June 1, 2016

Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Chemical reaction engineering
Thermodynamics

Background:

Chemical reaction fronts in liquids create density gradients from composition and temperature differences.
These density gradients can drive fluid motion, known as buoyancy-induced convection.
Understanding this convection is crucial for predicting reaction front behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate buoyancy-induced convection driven by density gradients at chemical reaction fronts.
To analyze the conditions under which convection initiates and affects front propagation.
To model the nonlinear behavior of reaction fronts in confined geometries.

Main Methods:

Utilized a thin front approximation where front velocity depends on curvature.
Coupled Navier-Stokes equations with the front propagation equation.
Performed linear stability analysis to determine convection onset parameters.
Studied nonlinear front propagation in narrow 2D domains.

Main Results:

Convection can occur for both upward and downward propagating fronts if density gradients exceed a threshold.
Convection initiates even when denser fluid is positioned above less dense fluid.
Convection leads to the formation of steady-shaped fronts that propagate at constant velocities.

Conclusions:

Density gradients at chemical reaction fronts can induce significant convective fluid motion.
The onset and behavior of convection are predictable through stability analysis and nonlinear modeling.
This research provides insights into the dynamics of reacting fluid systems and their stability.