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Case Characterization and Perceptions of Athletic Trainers Regarding Medical Disqualification Following Concussion.

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Nearly half of athletic trainers (ATs) have managed medical disqualification (MDQ) cases after concussions without clear guidelines. ATs considered various factors like sport, concussion history, and academics for these complex decisions.

Keywords:
mild traumatic brain injurysport participation discontinuationsport retirement

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Decision-Making

Background:

  • Medical disqualification (MDQ) after concussion presents a significant clinical challenge due to a lack of evidence-based guidance.
  • Athletic trainers (ATs) frequently encounter these complex decisions in collegiate settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document ATs' experiences with MDQ following concussion.
  • To understand ATs' beliefs regarding MDQ decisions.
  • To explore factors ATs consider crucial for the MDQ process after concussion.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach combining an online cross-sectional survey with semistructured interviews.
  • Survey data collected from 413 collegiate athletic trainers (ATs).
  • Follow-up interviews conducted with 20 ATs involved in MDQ cases.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 49% of surveyed ATs reported involvement in at least one MDQ case post-concussion.
  • ATs involved in MDQ cases managed an average of 2.3 cases.
  • Key factors influencing MDQ decisions included sport type, concussion history, recovery status, quality of life, and academic performance.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of ATs navigate MDQ decisions post-concussion without established guidelines.
  • Holistic patient well-being is considered, incorporating diverse factors beyond the immediate injury.
  • Further research is needed to develop evidence-based recommendations for ATs managing concussion-related MDQ.